Introduction to SQL

Course Objectives:

1. Understand the fundamental concepts of relational databases.
2. Learn SQL syntax for data definition, manipulation, and querying.
3. Gain hands-on experience in creating and managing databases.
4. Develop skills in writing SQL queries to retrieve and manipulate data.
5. Understand basic database normalization principles.
6. Explore advanced SQL concepts such as joins and subqueries.

Course Outline:
– Introduction to Relational Databases
• Overview of databases and their importance
• Introduction to relational database concepts
• Understanding tables, rows, and columns
• Introduction to SQL and its importance in database management

– SQL Basics – Data Definition Language (DDL)
• Creating databases and tables
• Data types in SQL
• Adding, modifying, and deleting tables and columns
• Constraints and keys

– SQL Basics – Data Manipulation Language (DML)
• Inserting, updating, and deleting data
• Retrieving data with SELECT statement
• Filtering data using WHERE clause
• Sorting data using ORDER BY clause
– Filtering and Querying Data
• Using logical operators (AND, OR, NOT)
• Aggregating data with GROUP BY clause
• Filtering grouped data with HAVING clause
• Introduction to functions (COUNT, SUM, AVG, etc.)
– Advanced Querying Techniques
• Working with multiple tables using JOINs
• Inner joins, outer joins, and cross joins
• Subqueries and their applications
• Combining multiple queries with UNION and UNION ALL

– Data Integrity and Normalization
• Database normalization principles
• Understanding normalization forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF)
• Ensuring data integrity with constraints and relationships
– Advanced Topics
• Introduction to transactions
• Stored procedures and functions
• Views and indexes for performance optimization
• Introduction to NoSQL databases

– Project Work and Review
• Hands-on project work applying SQL concepts
• Review of course material
• Q&A session and open discussion